With summer now behind us, new graduates or those graduating in 2024 will be thinking about their next steps, including future employment opportunities.
For employers in the energy sector, the abundance of university towns in the north of the UK and Scotland means hiring recent graduates can be a great way to fill skills shortages in the energy employment market, both on and offshore. Given the number of foreign students in the UK, companies and students alike should be familiar with the relevant visa options to ensure any prospective employee has the ability to legally work in the country.
The following visa options are available for those currently on a Student visa (or a Tier 4 visa under the previous immigration rules) who are looking for employment post-graduation, specifically the Graduate visa and Skilled Worker visa routes.
Working on a Student Visa
Before discussing the main visa options for university graduates, it is worth highlighting that those who hold a Student visa are usually permitted to work. If they are on a full-time degree course, they are restricted to 20 hours per week during term time. However, if they have completed their studies and are outside of term time, they are able to work full-time.
For recent graduates, it is likely that their Student visa will be expiring soon as most allow for up to four months after their course ends. If they wish to remain in the UK beyond this date, they must apply for a new visa before the expiry date of their existing Student visa. In the interim, however, employers can hire recent graduates on a full-time basis provided their Student visa is still valid, they have obtained evidence of course completion and they place them on a temporary contract. Individuals on a Student visa cannot be employed on a permanent contract.
Graduate Visa
The Graduate visa route gives migrants permission to live and work in the UK for up to two years or-three years with a PhD or other doctoral qualification immediately after successfully completing their course, receiving a UK bachelor’s level or above at an accredited institution in the UK.
This is an unsponsored route, meaning no sponsor licence is required for an employer, and there is no minimum salary requirement, aside from the national minimum wage. The visa is not tied to any specific type of employment or employer, so the individual is free to work or look for work where they wish and work in most jobs including self-employment or voluntary work. As such, there is no requirement for the employer to be involved in the visa application process, unless they choose to.
The Graduate visa is capped to a maximum length of two years for most graduates, or three years for PhD graduates. The Graduate visa cannot be extended and does not lead to Indefinite Leave to Remain (settlement) in the UK. However, individuals on a Graduate visa can later switch to an alternative visa type, such as a Skilled Worker visa.
Skilled Worker Visa
The Skilled Worker visa route (previously known as the Tier 2 General visa) is the other main visa option that allows graduates to remain and work in the UK after completing their studies.
This visa is directly linked to the migrant’s employment, so the business must hold a sponsor licence to enable them to issue a Certificate of Sponsorship for the migrant. There is also a minimum salary requirement of £26,200 per year or the going rate for the specific role, whichever is higher. This requirement can be lower in certain circumstances, such as if the applicant is applying as a ‘new entrant.’
To be eligible for this visa, the applicant must have successfully completed their studies. There is also an English language requirement for the Skilled Worker visa. However, one of the methods of meeting this requirement is by holding a UK-taught degree, and therefore it is likely this requirement will already be met by virtue of the applicant having studied in the UK.
The Skilled Worker visa can be granted for a maximum of five years, or a maximum of four years if applying as a ‘new entrant’, in the first instance, but the applicant can apply for any visa length and is not restricted to these maximums. Skilled Worker visas can also be extended indefinitely and can lead to Indefinite Leave to Remain (settlement) after five years. It is therefore a great option for employers who are looking to hire a new graduate on a permanent basis.
Advice for Employers in the Energy Sector
Historically, top workforce talent in the UK has seemed to drift towards London in terms of location. However, the North and Scotland’s lower living costs, positive quality of life and career opportunities are attracting employees to come to, and stay, in the North and Scotland. By harnessing this shift and plugging skills gaps as well as broadening their workforce by hiring recent graduates, businesses in the energy sector can expand and thrive.
If you are an employer in the energy sector looking to hire a recent university graduate, the Graduate visa option is less costly and more flexible, but its validity is limited and it does not lead to settlement for the employee, meaning it is not a permanent solution. The Skilled Worker visa option, on the other hand, requires the employer to hold a sponsor licence, meaning there are additional compliance obligations, but this visa can be extended indefinitely and leads to settlement for the employee. It is not unusual for employers to utilise the Graduate visa route in the short term, with a view to sponsoring strong performers for a Skilled Worker visa in the longer term.
The main differences between the two visa types are outlined in the chart below.
Requirements |
Graduate Visa |
Skilled Worker Visa |
Sponsorship |
No sponsorship required |
Sponsorship required |
Completion of Studies |
Must have successfully completed studies |
Must have successfully completed studies |
Minimum Salary |
National minimum wage |
£26,200 or the going rate for the role * |
Visa Length |
2 years for most graduates, 3 years for PhD graduates |
Any length up to a maximum initial period of 5 years, or 4 years for ‘new entrants’ |
Route to Settlement |
No, but can switch into a different category that leads to settlement |
Yes, after 5 years |
* A lower salary requirement may apply.
How can Fragomen help?
Fragomen is available to assist businesses of all sizes with their immigration needs. Our highly experienced team can provide support on sponsor licence applications and can fully support your business as you navigate immigration requirements surrounding graduates and visa applications. If you need assistance, please feel free to contact us at Sheffieldinfo@Fragomen.com