Scotland is experiencing a significant surge in whooping cough cases this year, with NHS Scotland reporting over 3,200 cases by early June 2024.
This sharp increase is a stark contrast to the 73 cases recorded in 2023, indicating a major resurgence of the bacterial infection known as pertussis, or the "100-day cough"
Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is characterized by severe coughing fits that end in a high-pitched "whoop" sound when the person breathes in. The illness begins with symptoms similar to a common cold, such as a runny nose, mild fever, and mild cough, but progresses to intense coughing spells that can last for several weeks.
Whooping cough is particularly dangerous for infants and young children and can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, seizures, and even death. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease and protect vulnerable populations
The highest incidence has been observed in children aged 10-14, with the NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Lothian, and Grampian regions being the most affected during the first quarter of the year.
The current rise in cases aligns with the cyclical nature of whooping cough, which tends to peak every three to five years. Additionally, the CV19 pandemic disrupted regular vaccination schedules, contributing to the decline in vaccination rates and the subsequent increase in pertussis cases
Dr. Sam Ghebrehewet, head of vaccination and immunisation at Public Health Scotland, emphasized the importance of maintaining high immunization rates to prevent further spread and protect against severe infections. He noted that cases are expected to continue rising through the autumn and urged parents to ensure their children are vaccinated as part of the routine childhood immunization schedule. The pertussis vaccine is given at eight weeks, with booster doses at subsequent stages to provide long-term protection
While there have been no recent deaths reported in Scotland, the rise in cases underscores the need for increased vigilance and public health measures, especially among vulnerable populations. Health officials continue to monitor the situation closely and are advocating for robust vaccination efforts to mitigate the spread of this highly contagious respiratory disease.
Statistics/details – Public Health Scotland